HIV COUNSELLING HANDBOOK FOR THE ASIA-PACIFIC

Deskripsi: The urgent need to help more adults and children, especially in vulnerable, marginalized communities, find out their HIV status and receive treatment is beyond question. But HIV testing–whether client- or provider-initiated–is more than simply uncovering HIV cases. The quality of counselling and respect for the right to opt out of testing, as well as support measures for coping with the results, are just as important. Counselling, before or after testing, should increase knowledge of HIV prevention and enhance primary health care and positive prevention, as well as curative care when positive status is confirmed. The quality of counselling also shows itself in the quality of referrals, follow-ups, treatment adherence, and care, including nutritional, psychosocial and medical support, such as cotrimoxazole prophylaxis, to sustain the well-being of adults and children living with HIV. 

This comprehensive HIV counsellors resource package answers the pressing need to improve the quality of counselling as countries step up their drive to contain the AIDS epidemic. Prepared over two years by WHO and UNICEF with technical assistance from the Family Health International Asia-Pacific Regional Office, it is designed to equip trainers, counsellors in training, and working counsellors in the Asia Pacific Region with essential skills and knowledge to deliver high-quality HIV testing and counselling services in a range of approaches and settings. The HIV counsellors handbook, trainer’s session plans, participatory learning activities, and HIV counsellor toolkit found here were updated from the Voluntary HIV Counselling and Testing Manual for Training of Trainers (2004) prepared jointly by the WHO South-East Asia Regional Office and the UNICEF East Asia and the Pacific Regional Office.


Unduh Disini:
http://www.unicef.org/eapro/HIV_handbook.pdf

Estimasi Nasional Infeksi HIV pada Orang Dewasa di Indonesia Tahun 2002

 Deskripsi: The HIV epidemic level in Indonesia is currently concentrated in a number of high risk subpopulations, and in the last few years its expansion has been largely driven by injecting drug use. Prison is considered as one of the concretrated most at risk populations. This is due to the convergence of a number of factors, including the high proportion of inmates who have been convicted for drug possession or use, the reported use of non-sterile needles (for drug use and tattooing). The severe overcrowding , which may cause unsafe sex among inmates, and also the minimal health services in prisons. 

An example of the problem can be seen in the province of DKI Jakarta.In 2006, some 60% to 65% of Jakarta inmates had been convicted on drug offenses and 72.5% were drug users. Figures on deaths in prisons reveal alarmingly high death rates among drug users: in four prisons in Jakarta, 90% of those who died were drug users. Nationwide, 70 to 75% of the 813 people who died in Indonesian prisons in 2006 had been convicted of drug offences, while approximately 29% of the total prison population in 2006 were serving sentences for drug-related crimes. The majority of deaths in prisons were due to respiratory infections, TB, hepatitis and chronic diarrhea, all of which maybe associated with the HIV infection. However, the prison system's capacity to deal with such health issues is very limited. As an example, the number of people incarcerated in Jakarta prisons rose from 10,140 in 2005 to 19,652 in 2006. Such numbers put a severe strain on prison health personnel and resources that are already overstretched. 

In response to this and other evidence that suggest a growing HIV related problems in prisons, a number of risk reduction and HIV prevention interventions have been implemented in prisons, since 2005, primarily supported by the Ministry of Law and Human Rights and two bilateral donor programs, FHI-ASA and IHPCP. These have ranged from the provision of IEC materials to inmates and staff to comprehensive risk reduction services, ARV and methadone therapy. 

This report provides a broad outline of the national plans to overcome HIV and AIDS problem in prisons, activities with partners that have already been carried out and what has already been achieved, as well as some of the constraints and challenges, and plans for follow up action.






Unduh Disini:


http://www.fhi360.org/NR/rdonlyres/eh627o3h4dy342vvkswf5xcsi7awarnn6mm72rcmtvud4mfmsalvqdqho3crru4pzbfplime7sr34k/PreventionCarePrisonsIndonesiaHV.pdf

10 Langkah Mengembangkan Kebijakan Publik

Deskripsi: Pasal Pertama dalam Deklarasi Universal Hak Asasi Manusia menyatakan bahwa semua manusia dilahirkan merdeka, memiliki martabat dan hak-hak yang sama. Pasal pembuka tersebut sekaligus menjadi inti dari Hak Asasi Manusia yakni tidak boleh ada pembedaan perlakuan pada siapapun, tidak boleh ada diskriminasi pada segenap manusia, siapapun dia. Namun kenyataanya semangat anti diskriminasi tidak sekuat semangat kebalikannya. Kepentingan ekonomi dan kepentingan politik seringkali telah mengaburkan kepentingan kemanusiaan, bahkan dimana-mana dengan mengatasnamakan ?moral? dipakai untuk meruntuhkan moral kemanusiaan itu sendiri. Diskriminasi terhadap orang-orang dengan HIV/AIDS merupakan contoh yang dapat dengan mudah kita saksikan. Permasalahan moralitas menjadi alasan utama mengapa mereka didiskriminasi. Unduh Disini: 10 Langkah Mengembangkan Kebijakan Publik